Common quenching defects in fastener heat treatment

Quenching defects are the most common in the quenching and tempering heat treatment process of fasteners, such as insufficient hardness, deformation, cracking, etc. There are many reasons for defects, which need to be inspected and analyzed from all aspects. Metallographic inspection is a commonly used method and plays an important role.

1. Quenching cracks

The internal stress caused in fasteners during quenching is the fundamental cause of deformation and cracking. When the internal stress exceeds the yield strength of the material, it will cause deformation; when the internal stress exceeds the fracture strength of the material, it will cause cracking. Only tensile stress is necessary for crack initiation and propagation. To analyze the causes of quenching cracks, we can consider them from two aspects. One is what factors cause greater stress; the other is whether there are defects in the material that reduce the strength and toughness.

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